Monday, May 25, 2020

Number 22: China 1986

Mounting the beauty under heaven

"A good traveler has no fixed plans and is not intent on arriving" (Lao Tzu)

On good friday 1986 we arrive at the station of Emei, in Sichuan. The reason of fame of this at the time ugly, dirty town is nearby 3077 m Emei Shan, one of the sacred mountains of Chinese Buddhism. From the 2. century on the mountain was adorned with monasteries. In the 15th century there were more than one hundred. The same people who had destroyed monasteries and Buddhist statues in the cultural revolution under Mao were in 1986 cutting wood, carrying bricks to rebuild monasteries and remodel Buddha statues for the expected invasion of tourists. The mountain rises 2600 m above the plain where the town is and we wanted to climb it. Again (see number 19), there is a detailed description of the adventures of these days in the travel diary which i have kept.

"Do the difficult things while they are easy and do the great things while they are small. A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step." (Lao Tzu)

Tourist map of emei shan from 1986


The description of the trails and the history of the mountain on the back f the map and the official chinese and tourist money of the time

The route to the summit and back in total is 132 km. We expected to do it in 3 days. Yes, we were young and wild then. Food and lodging was available in the monasteries. To achieve the goal, we invested 1 Yuan in a walking stick and after noodle soup for breakfast in the Fuhu temple at the base we took off. The first problem turned out to be the muddy path. We were afraid that our light shoes would not survive the whole route to the top. Nevertheless we passed a lot of old people on the first 2,5 hours and 11 km to the Quingyin Pavillion, a beautiful temple which can be entered over a bridge above a water fall, These lower temples still or again had beautiful paintings, statues and were full of fruit trees and flowering plants. However, the diary is full of complaints about the masses of local tourists, souvenir shops and restaurants.

"Everything has beauty but not everybody sees it" (Confucius)

The local crowd passing souvenir shops

From the Pavillion the path turns into a staircase. That is even more exhausting, especially for the upper legs. All the material for the reconstruction of the temples had to be carried up. Some of the people climbing up carry heavy loads, either in a tray on the back or balanced on the ends of a wooden stick on their shoulder. I try to lift the load of bricks of one man…. but I would not have been able to carry it more than a few steps. Some offer to carry our backbags or even us up the mountain. Some of the locals are indeed carried up that way. We decline.

"An ant on the move does more than a dozing ox" (Lao Tzu)

Carrying load up the mountain

After another 7 km and 400 m of climbing, at 12.40 we reach the beautiful Hongchun temple. We take a break and watch some monks on a stone bench leafing through old books in the sun. There are courtyards with Zen gardens and exotic plants. Again, only the crowds of noisy locals disturb the peace.

You cannot open a book without learning something" (Confucius)

From here it is 15 km and 700 height meters more to the Xianfeng temple at 1732 m. There are few hikers left who go uphill, but crowds of people walk down. They shout chinese encouragements at us, which we answer by cursing in german. The route up the stairs is steep and exhausting, but spectacular. The path follows a gorge and crosses numerous little bridges. After 33 km we finally reach the Xianfeng temple, our destination for today.

"Nature does not hurry, yet everything is accomplished"(Lao Tzu)

The Xianfeng temple where we stayed the first night

There are plenty of rooms for pilgrims in the temple and for 9 yuan we get a double room. There is a washroom. In a corner is a pile of coal dust to heat a pot with water. Everyone with the desire to clean himself gets a basin and a dipper full of boiling water, which can be diluted with cold water according to personal taste. It works wonder for the tired feet.

"Mastering others is strength. Mastering yourself is true power" (Lao Tzu)

Monks drying their books

Then we proceed to the pilgrims‘dining hall. Above a hole in the wall is a chalk board with the menu. I take it from the hook and put my head into the hole to look for somebody to order. On the other side of the hole is a smoky and greasy kitchen. Somebody in a cooks’ apron aims with chopsticks at some rats scurrying around on the ground. I order everything on the menu twice. It turns out to be pork, egg-soup and pancakes. The food is good. And since the dining hall is so dark, we can only hear the pets….

"He who knows does not speak. He who speaks, does not know" (Lao Tzu)

The diary is full of complaints about the chinese visitors. They come in bigger groups and are rowdy and loud. In contrast to us westerners, the chinese like to be in company. A place is only good for them when they have lots of people to share it with. In this temple one guy gets out a bottle of booze and then the party starts. We would have preferred a quiet temple. We get a lot of pints in the hope to be able to sleep through the noise.

"He who talks more is sooner exhausted" (Lao Tzu)

The toilets in the Xianfeng temple

Surprisingly there is electrical light in the temple all night. That is good when you have to go to the toilet. This location can be attained via a kind of wobbly wooden bridge. At the end wooden cubicles with a hole in the ground hover above the abyss. Below the shit of 600 years of Buddhism slowly slides down the flank of the mountain. But not everybody was able to aim right into the hole. My nightmare is to loose my glasses….

At night it has rained. Fortunately we had a room on the ground floor, because the roof was leaking and the beds upstairs got wet. So without breakfast we continue our hike up the sodden stairway. In addition it is cold.

"Wherever you go, go with all ;your heart" (Confucius)

Eventually we meet the famous Emei Shan monkeys. The monkeys are known to be notorious thieves and we tightly hold on to our gear. Indeed we pass a number of plundered, empty handbags and their former contents. At a point the path is plastered with banknotes. A triumphant monkey up in a tree swings another empty bag. We collect as much of the money as we can easily get and continue. Later we meet a beggar and give him what we found. He is dumbfounded.

"Fill your bowl to the brim and it will spill. Keep sharpening your knife and it will blunt" (Lao Tzu)

Unfortunately my only photo of the famous ferrocious monkeys

The day is foggy and gets increasingly colder. At least there is no rain. But the path gets so icy that we buy crampons from a vendor along the way. Above 2100 m there even is a lot of snow. From time to time we have a noodle soup in wretched shelters along the path. It gives some warmth. The path must be spectacular at clear weather. To the left an abyss disappears in the fog. To the right a forest of bamboo. Muffled sounds seem to come from far away.

"If I am walking with two other men, each of them will serve as a teacher. I will pick out the good points of the one and imitate them, and the bad points of the other and correct them in myself" (Confucius)

Summit temple in the mist

The top of the mountain can also be reached on a basic road. There are busses. Therefore there is a huge, bleak and dark temple at the top. There are several buildings with dormitories and bedrooms for hundreds of visitors, but tonight only a few huddle together around a stove in the only heated room. On each bed we find one of the typical chinese down winter jackets. We gratefully wear it.

Also here, dinner is good. But it is accompanied by the smacking, sneezing, snorting and spitting sounds of the chinese guests. In China, if you don‘t make noises while you eat they think you don‘t like the food.

The night is cold even though I wear all my clothes and have brought my sleeping bag good for -10 C. Getting to sleep again is difficult. All the noise easily penetrates the thin walls. At least there is enough light to read. After we finally fall asleep we wake up from rattling and knocking on the door. We think somebody has got the room wrong in the maze of buildings, but it turns out that we share our room with a chinese girl. She comes late but like all the other chinese visitors gets up before dawn to see the famous sunrise.

Shops and food stalls on the way to the summit

The rumour goes that the sun rises on Emei shan in the center of a perfectly round rainbow. Pilgrims had been so overwhelmed that they jumped into the rainbow and ended up in the abyss. Nobody had to jump that day. Nobody had to get up early either. There was no sun and no rainbow.

"Life is really simple, but we insist on making it complicated" (Confucius)

The icy landscape at the summit

The way down we took the bus.

 

„Govern a great nation as you would cook a small fish. Do not overdo it“ (Lao Tzu)

Confucius lived from 551 – 479 BC. His philosophy defined rules for personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice, kindness, and sincerity. „He is widely considered as one of the most important and influential individuals in human history. His teaching and philosophy greatly impacted people around the world and remain influential today“ (Wikipedia)

„A leader is best when people barely know he exists, when his work is done, his aim fulfilled, they will say: we did it ourselves“ (Lao Tzu) 

Although it was thought that Lao Tzu was a contemporary of Confucius, it is not sure that he is more than a legendary figure. If he really existed, it was after Confucius, in the 4th century BC. If you read the advice of these men, which was well known for such a long time, you are tempted to ask why their easily understandable and correct words are not followed by the leaders of the world.  

„There are three methods to gaining wisdom. The first is reflection, which is the highest. The second is imitation, which is the easiest. The third is experience, which is the bitterest“ (Confucius)

Chinese tourists watching the western visitors


Pond at the base of the mountain


Entrance to the trail at the base of the mountain


The landscape in the lower part of the mountain


One of the bridges on the trail



The Quingyin Pavillion



The author on his way up


The stairs leading up


The beautiful Hongchun temple


Noodle soup for lunch


The stairs get worse higher up


One of the temple complexes at the top of mountain

Monday, May 11, 2020

Number 20: Ecuador 1996

Back to the origin of species


“When the views entertained in this volume on the origin of species, or when analogous views are generally admitted, we can dimly foresee that there will be a considerable revolution in natural history.” Charles Darwin, The origin of species (1859)


Arrival on isla Baltra which is transformed into the airport

Charles Darwin arrived on the Galapagos Islands on September, 16th, 1835. But at first he was mainly interested in the geology. The islands are formed by a volcanic hotspot. Regarding the time frame of earth’s history, new land is born continuously. There are 12 older and younger islands, the latter with active volcanoes. He had classified the finches only superficially and after his return, he was not even able any more to assign certain species to their native island. Of the tortoises he made fun: he sat on them and when he hit them on the back of the shell they got up and were moving. Only after he had returned from his travels he got the idea of evolution.

“In July opened first note-book on Transmutation of Species. Had been greatly struck from about the month of previous March on character of South American fossils, and species on Galapagos Archipelago. These facts (especially latter), origin of all my views.” Charles Darwin, July 1837


Our boat;, in the surf a turtle

The islands are at a bit more than 900 km from mainland Ecuador. Due to the distance to the mainland and the distance between the islands, nature could evolve largely independent from external influences. This way, even up today the islands have preserved their unique natural environment full of endemic species. Nature has preserved it paradisaical innocence. Since there were no natural enemies, birds, tortoises, iguanas, turtles or seals are without fear. There are few other places on earth were you can meet wildlife from so close by without scaring them away.


On the beach, a pelican and turtles


Curious seal


Swimming with a leguan


Greetings from a seal


Turtle on its way to lay eggs on the beach..... 


.... and back to the water after work


Today about 25,000 people live on the islands. However, most are strictly protected. Visitors can only enter under supervision and instruction of a national park guide. Tour agencies in Quito, Ecuador offer packages of a flight and boat trip to different islands. We choose a tour of seven days, which also would take in the most remote island, Isabella, which has a huge volcanic caldera housing a big population of the renowned turtles.


Birds are not afraid of visitors at all


They do not know us as enemies


The airport is on Isla Baltra, in close proximity to the main island of the archipelago, Isla Santa Cruz. We boarded a boat which for the next week would be home for 11 tourists, a captain, a sailor, a cook and a national park ranger as guide. Obviously the tour operator had thought that it would be pleasant for the guests if they could enjoy their trip with compatriots, so there were 9 dutch, 1 australian girl, and one german, who was the only one speaking spanish.


There are amphibian and land dwelling leguans


Cactus eating Iguanas


A leguan swimming in a lagoon 


Leguans relaxing on the shore


Leguan and baby seal waiting for the mother to come back with a dinner of fish


The cook did his best to satisfy the guests. In fact, personally, I thought the food on this boat, mostly prepared from freshly caught fish, was the best which we got in six weeks in the whole of Ecuador. However, already in the first evening there were some complaints because there was a little fee to be paid for each coffee. Somebody complained, and had some support from the others, that in the Netherlands coffee is part of dinner and should be free. The german did not translate.

“i want to think that it would be difficult to find a piece of land in tropical latitudes that is so completely unusable for humans and larger animals” Charles Darwin, The voyage of the beagle (1839)


Flamingoes in a lagoon


Paradise bird


Galapagos is probably the northernmost place on earth with penguins

Seldom is there such a big difference between something you seem to know from pictures or documentaries and the sensation when seeing it in reality. The islands are full of life. On the beaches turtles and seals which seem not to mind that they have to su bathe or swim with homo sapiens. Iguanas in big crowds which do not even bother to notice you. The birds breed on the ground, and although everybody keeps the adequate distance, you will never anywhere come so close. Pelicans and boobies dive into the water from great height to catch fish and afterwards digest while watching you with satisfaction. And our favorite, the blue footed boobies, continue their courtship dance as if they would be in a dance school and the parents are watching. This is one of the places on earth you will remember for a lifetime.

The most photographed spot on the islands


The boat usually started moving some hours after midnight to arrive before breakfast at the next island. This way everybody got his morning swim and there was best use of the daylight for excursions on the islands. On the third day the first complaints about those excursions started. Not another hike to observe these birds. Didn’t we see enough iguanas, birds and turtles by now. Can we not rather stay on a good beach. Again, the german did not translate.


One of the famous finches


Even the gulls are beauties

Then one afternoon the captain approached me. He told me that one of the two engines of the boat did not work any more. We were off Isla Española. If we would continue to Isabella as originally planned we would be there much later and would not have enough time for the planned extended visit. In addition, it would be dangerous if the second engine would fail as well. He proposed an alternative program which involved returning to Isla Santa Cruz. There he would organize an excursion on horse back to the tortoises in the center of that island. In the meanwhile he could get the boat repaired. We would have more time to spend on the islands and less traveling in between. He wanted to have our opinion what to do. The german translated.


A pelican looks clumsy on the beach....


... but they dive elegantly for fish

After dinner a long discussion over the pro and contra of the proposal of the captain started. To my horror, the supply of beer resting on the boat diminished rapidly. After many hours, at three in the morning, the time the boat was supposed to move again, the captain asked what we had decided. There was no decision yet but we had almost run out of beer. So I decided to have a vote. There were 4 pro, 4 contra and 3 abstentions. So I took the responsibility and told the captain that it would be better to go back and repair the engine.


Some islands are covered with cacti and the leguans have adapted on feeding on them


That night the boat continued to Isla Floreana. After an excursion there, we would go back to Santa Cruz. When we boarded the dingy in the morning to go ashore, there were three annoyed faces. The abstentions were talking fraud. The captain wanted to save gasoline, they would know there was no broken engine. The german had no right to decide. The abstentions and the contras were pairing. The captain noticed the quarrel among the guests. He asked me what was going on. Eventually he decided that he would go on to Isabella. He did not want to risk any complaints with the tour agency.


On horseback to the crater of Santo Tomas Volcano on the island isabella


The caldera of the volcano Santo Tomas


The volcano on isla isabella


Lava flow and the volcano in the background

We did make it there, but there was no time to go down into the crater of volcan Santo Tomas. We went to the caldera on horseback and had a look from above. No tortoises. But the worst was that the atmosphere on the boat was disturbed. The crew, which had been very friendly before, gave the feeling that they could not wait to get rid of these guests. The contras were dissatisfied because they had to spend so much time on the boat. The question of the price of coffee was brought up with each meal again.

Boats in the main port of Puerto Ayora on Isla Santa Cruz. The fishers have to fight with the seals for their boats


and with the pelicans for the catch of fish


Almost 300.000 people visited the Galapagos Islands in 2018. Although the strict rules are observed, there are problems with the big numbers of visitors. Cruise ships and airplanes contribute to the pollution. Garbage has to be disposed of. The provisions for the visitors bring in harmful parasites which even bring down the population of finches. That in addition to the effects of global warming, which already has decimated part of the marine fauna and has reduced the fertility of the amphibian iguanas. The Anthropocene has conquered the end of the world.


In the streets of Puerto Ayora
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“The Struggle for Existence amongst all organic beings throughout the world, which inevitably follows from their high geometrical powers of increase .... As many more individuals of each species are born than can possibly survive; and as, consequently, there is a frequently recurring struggle for existence, it follows that any being, if it vary however slightly in any manner profitable to itself, under the complex and sometimes varying conditions of life, will have a better chance of surviving, and thus be naturally selected. From the strong principle of inheritance, any selected variety will tend to propagate its new and modified form.“ Charles Darwin

The final consequence of evolution seems to be the monopoly of homo sapiens.


Lonesome George was still alive. He was the last lonely survivor of one sub-species of giant turtle and spent the eve of his life in the sanctuary on Isla Santa Cruz


Blue footed boobie


The bridal dance of the blue footed boobie


... and the consequence, the chicks



Crabs on the rocks




Male frigate bird



Hopefully this paradise will survive the onslaught of the human race