Monday, May 25, 2020

Number 22: China 1986

Mounting the beauty under heaven

"A good traveler has no fixed plans and is not intent on arriving" (Lao Tzu)

On good friday 1986 we arrive at the station of Emei, in Sichuan. The reason of fame of this at the time ugly, dirty town is nearby 3077 m Emei Shan, one of the sacred mountains of Chinese Buddhism. From the 2. century on the mountain was adorned with monasteries. In the 15th century there were more than one hundred. The same people who had destroyed monasteries and Buddhist statues in the cultural revolution under Mao were in 1986 cutting wood, carrying bricks to rebuild monasteries and remodel Buddha statues for the expected invasion of tourists. The mountain rises 2600 m above the plain where the town is and we wanted to climb it. Again (see number 19), there is a detailed description of the adventures of these days in the travel diary which i have kept.

"Do the difficult things while they are easy and do the great things while they are small. A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step." (Lao Tzu)

Tourist map of emei shan from 1986


The description of the trails and the history of the mountain on the back f the map and the official chinese and tourist money of the time

The route to the summit and back in total is 132 km. We expected to do it in 3 days. Yes, we were young and wild then. Food and lodging was available in the monasteries. To achieve the goal, we invested 1 Yuan in a walking stick and after noodle soup for breakfast in the Fuhu temple at the base we took off. The first problem turned out to be the muddy path. We were afraid that our light shoes would not survive the whole route to the top. Nevertheless we passed a lot of old people on the first 2,5 hours and 11 km to the Quingyin Pavillion, a beautiful temple which can be entered over a bridge above a water fall, These lower temples still or again had beautiful paintings, statues and were full of fruit trees and flowering plants. However, the diary is full of complaints about the masses of local tourists, souvenir shops and restaurants.

"Everything has beauty but not everybody sees it" (Confucius)

The local crowd passing souvenir shops

From the Pavillion the path turns into a staircase. That is even more exhausting, especially for the upper legs. All the material for the reconstruction of the temples had to be carried up. Some of the people climbing up carry heavy loads, either in a tray on the back or balanced on the ends of a wooden stick on their shoulder. I try to lift the load of bricks of one man…. but I would not have been able to carry it more than a few steps. Some offer to carry our backbags or even us up the mountain. Some of the locals are indeed carried up that way. We decline.

"An ant on the move does more than a dozing ox" (Lao Tzu)

Carrying load up the mountain

After another 7 km and 400 m of climbing, at 12.40 we reach the beautiful Hongchun temple. We take a break and watch some monks on a stone bench leafing through old books in the sun. There are courtyards with Zen gardens and exotic plants. Again, only the crowds of noisy locals disturb the peace.

You cannot open a book without learning something" (Confucius)

From here it is 15 km and 700 height meters more to the Xianfeng temple at 1732 m. There are few hikers left who go uphill, but crowds of people walk down. They shout chinese encouragements at us, which we answer by cursing in german. The route up the stairs is steep and exhausting, but spectacular. The path follows a gorge and crosses numerous little bridges. After 33 km we finally reach the Xianfeng temple, our destination for today.

"Nature does not hurry, yet everything is accomplished"(Lao Tzu)

The Xianfeng temple where we stayed the first night

There are plenty of rooms for pilgrims in the temple and for 9 yuan we get a double room. There is a washroom. In a corner is a pile of coal dust to heat a pot with water. Everyone with the desire to clean himself gets a basin and a dipper full of boiling water, which can be diluted with cold water according to personal taste. It works wonder for the tired feet.

"Mastering others is strength. Mastering yourself is true power" (Lao Tzu)

Monks drying their books

Then we proceed to the pilgrims‘dining hall. Above a hole in the wall is a chalk board with the menu. I take it from the hook and put my head into the hole to look for somebody to order. On the other side of the hole is a smoky and greasy kitchen. Somebody in a cooks’ apron aims with chopsticks at some rats scurrying around on the ground. I order everything on the menu twice. It turns out to be pork, egg-soup and pancakes. The food is good. And since the dining hall is so dark, we can only hear the pets….

"He who knows does not speak. He who speaks, does not know" (Lao Tzu)

The diary is full of complaints about the chinese visitors. They come in bigger groups and are rowdy and loud. In contrast to us westerners, the chinese like to be in company. A place is only good for them when they have lots of people to share it with. In this temple one guy gets out a bottle of booze and then the party starts. We would have preferred a quiet temple. We get a lot of pints in the hope to be able to sleep through the noise.

"He who talks more is sooner exhausted" (Lao Tzu)

The toilets in the Xianfeng temple

Surprisingly there is electrical light in the temple all night. That is good when you have to go to the toilet. This location can be attained via a kind of wobbly wooden bridge. At the end wooden cubicles with a hole in the ground hover above the abyss. Below the shit of 600 years of Buddhism slowly slides down the flank of the mountain. But not everybody was able to aim right into the hole. My nightmare is to loose my glasses….

At night it has rained. Fortunately we had a room on the ground floor, because the roof was leaking and the beds upstairs got wet. So without breakfast we continue our hike up the sodden stairway. In addition it is cold.

"Wherever you go, go with all ;your heart" (Confucius)

Eventually we meet the famous Emei Shan monkeys. The monkeys are known to be notorious thieves and we tightly hold on to our gear. Indeed we pass a number of plundered, empty handbags and their former contents. At a point the path is plastered with banknotes. A triumphant monkey up in a tree swings another empty bag. We collect as much of the money as we can easily get and continue. Later we meet a beggar and give him what we found. He is dumbfounded.

"Fill your bowl to the brim and it will spill. Keep sharpening your knife and it will blunt" (Lao Tzu)

Unfortunately my only photo of the famous ferrocious monkeys

The day is foggy and gets increasingly colder. At least there is no rain. But the path gets so icy that we buy crampons from a vendor along the way. Above 2100 m there even is a lot of snow. From time to time we have a noodle soup in wretched shelters along the path. It gives some warmth. The path must be spectacular at clear weather. To the left an abyss disappears in the fog. To the right a forest of bamboo. Muffled sounds seem to come from far away.

"If I am walking with two other men, each of them will serve as a teacher. I will pick out the good points of the one and imitate them, and the bad points of the other and correct them in myself" (Confucius)

Summit temple in the mist

The top of the mountain can also be reached on a basic road. There are busses. Therefore there is a huge, bleak and dark temple at the top. There are several buildings with dormitories and bedrooms for hundreds of visitors, but tonight only a few huddle together around a stove in the only heated room. On each bed we find one of the typical chinese down winter jackets. We gratefully wear it.

Also here, dinner is good. But it is accompanied by the smacking, sneezing, snorting and spitting sounds of the chinese guests. In China, if you don‘t make noises while you eat they think you don‘t like the food.

The night is cold even though I wear all my clothes and have brought my sleeping bag good for -10 C. Getting to sleep again is difficult. All the noise easily penetrates the thin walls. At least there is enough light to read. After we finally fall asleep we wake up from rattling and knocking on the door. We think somebody has got the room wrong in the maze of buildings, but it turns out that we share our room with a chinese girl. She comes late but like all the other chinese visitors gets up before dawn to see the famous sunrise.

Shops and food stalls on the way to the summit

The rumour goes that the sun rises on Emei shan in the center of a perfectly round rainbow. Pilgrims had been so overwhelmed that they jumped into the rainbow and ended up in the abyss. Nobody had to jump that day. Nobody had to get up early either. There was no sun and no rainbow.

"Life is really simple, but we insist on making it complicated" (Confucius)

The icy landscape at the summit

The way down we took the bus.

 

„Govern a great nation as you would cook a small fish. Do not overdo it“ (Lao Tzu)

Confucius lived from 551 – 479 BC. His philosophy defined rules for personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice, kindness, and sincerity. „He is widely considered as one of the most important and influential individuals in human history. His teaching and philosophy greatly impacted people around the world and remain influential today“ (Wikipedia)

„A leader is best when people barely know he exists, when his work is done, his aim fulfilled, they will say: we did it ourselves“ (Lao Tzu) 

Although it was thought that Lao Tzu was a contemporary of Confucius, it is not sure that he is more than a legendary figure. If he really existed, it was after Confucius, in the 4th century BC. If you read the advice of these men, which was well known for such a long time, you are tempted to ask why their easily understandable and correct words are not followed by the leaders of the world.  

„There are three methods to gaining wisdom. The first is reflection, which is the highest. The second is imitation, which is the easiest. The third is experience, which is the bitterest“ (Confucius)

Chinese tourists watching the western visitors


Pond at the base of the mountain


Entrance to the trail at the base of the mountain


The landscape in the lower part of the mountain


One of the bridges on the trail



The Quingyin Pavillion



The author on his way up


The stairs leading up


The beautiful Hongchun temple


Noodle soup for lunch


The stairs get worse higher up


One of the temple complexes at the top of mountain

Friday, May 1, 2020

Number 18: Nicaragua 1994

Against all odds.....



„Life is subversive“ Ernesto Cardenal

I like to prepare my trips well, know about the history, environment and the manners of a country. Likewise it is interesting to look up more information about the places visited after a trip. This of course is much easier now, in times of internet, then in 1994, where you had to visit libraries and find the suitable books to get more information.

Between 1854 and now, Nicaragua had 26 presidents. This does not sound so bad, since each on average would have served more than 6 years. However, the picture is different if you count the periods of government including juntas, presidents who had a comeback, and acting leaders, who ruled, but where no president. Then you count 55. If you then subtract Daniel Ortega, who rules this county now for almost 19 years and additional 5 years as leader of the junta of national reconstruction (sic), you arrive at the conclusion that a government on average lasted about 2,5 years. There are very few who ruled more than 4 years, and many who ruled less than half a year. At the time when we came to Nicaragua, the president was Violeta Chamorro. She was the leader of the Unión Nacional Opositora (UNO), a coalition formed to replace previous president, leader of the guerilla against the dictator Somoza, and leader of the sandinista party (FSLN), Daniel Ortega. he ruled for 6 years and 260 days. I have kept a newspaper article from the time which analzsis her incompetence and corruption.

„Todo hombre es poeta. Olvidan hacer versos porque se dedican a hacer otras cosas, hacer dinero, por ejemplo“
(Every man is a poet. They forget to make verses because they dedicate themselves to doing other things, making money, for example)"
(Ernesto Cardenal)


Daniel Ortega, leader of the FSLN, in front of his troops

We went to the nicaraguan embassy in Tegucicalpa, Honduras, to apply for a visa. There they readily issued a visa, but asked us how we intended to travel in the country. There was a strike of unlimited duration. The sandinistas, who not surprisingly disagreed with the politics of the joined opposition, blocked all traffic. There were no busses and no private transportation. We still had to go. My friend Thomas had a flight back from Managua to Europe, and I wanted to continue south to Costa Rica.


FSLN propaganda

To get as far as possible in a day we left from Tegucicalpa on the first bus. When we arrived at the border close to a settlement with the misleading name „el paraiso“, the border guard examined our passports with a worried look. Then he came up with the same story. We were allowed to enter the country, but he was afraid that we would not get very far. Then he pointed at a VW bus. The driver would go south in the direction of Esteli, the next major town, and maybe he would take us. So we walked up to the bus and asked. He declined. The Sandinistas had established road blocks at the border of each town. If they would find him breaking the strike rules, they would smash his windows and punch his tyres.


The bus at the first road block behind the border

Obviously we looked very miserable, so he wanted to be kind and continued the conversation by asking us where we came from. He started to think when he learned that we were from Germany. „A lot of people from your country came to help us when we had the revolution. I have an idea. I try to help you“.

So we threw our backbags in the bus and took off. Only a short distance behind the border we had to stop at the end of a long line of vehicules. The first road block. That could take hours. Our driver got out and went up to one of the wild looking guys patrolling the line of cars. They looked at us, then the guy nodded and they walked away to the begin of the the road block. After a while our driver came back, started the engine and passed all the cars. The road block consisted of two trucks with a metal chain inbetween. Before the chain a sign: one car per hour, one truck in two hours, a bus in 5 hours. A very well organised strike. The guards lowered the chain and we were allowed to pass. Our driver had told the Sandinistas that we were German development workers who had to go to Managua to help the people of Nicaragua.


The enemy was clearly defined


„ Slogan-making is not poetry“ (Ernesto Cardenal)


One of the road blocks 

When we arrived in the next town, he left us at the road block. We walked to the other end of town, where we spotted a school bus leaving slowly. We started to run, backbags and all. The school bus did not stop, neither accelerate, but they opened the door in the back, which all these american school buses have, lowered a ladder and we jumped on the slowly moving vehicule.

In this way we got to the town of Esteli, where we spent the night in a lovely hotel with a beautiful inner courtyard. It is called hotel Arcor and it still exists. We were the only guests.


Intermediate stop in a roadside pub

The next day, at the road block at the southern end of Esteli, we walked right up to the guys guarding the barricade. They asked us where we wanted to go. Then they walked along the line of cars. After they had found somebody who wanted to take us to Leon, our destination for the day, he was allowed to jump the line. In that way, we had a ride and the driver did not have to wait.


The trip continues on the back of a pick up truck


Fellow lucky people who got a spot on a pick-up truck


This basically was the way we travelled for almost a week through Nicaragua. It worked very well. Nobody wanted any payment from us and we were much faster then by bus, which stops frequently or waits for additional passengers. And there were very few busses anyway. Afterwards the strike and the road blockage were lifted.

Waiting for the next lift


Fellow travellers

Like a lot of other latin american countries the permanent political turmoil in Nicaragua has produced a long list of brilliant and well-known writers. Think of Ruben Dario, Giaconda Belli, Karly Gaitán Morales and Ernesto Cardenal. The latter is symbolic for the recent nicaraguan history. Born in 1925, he became a marxist, priest and as such a fervent supporter of the sandinista movement. Like his Chilean contemporary Pablo Neruda, he had to flee from dictatorship to neighboring Costa Rica. After the fall of the dictator Somoza, he became very disappointed at how the sandinistas and Daniel Ortega ruled the country. Now, after more than 23 years of his presidency, there is still no sign of „reconstrucion nacional“. Nicaragua is still one of the poorest countries in the world. Ernesto Cardenal died on March 1st, 2020 at age 95. The funeral ceremony in the catredral of Managua was disrupted by supporters of Ortega and and had to be continued in secrecy elsewhere.

„La juventud debería ser para los viejos, porque sólo uno estando viejo sabía aprovechar la juventud.”
(Youth should be for the old, because only one being old knew how to take advantage of youth)
(Ernesto Cardenal)


Stop in the center of a village

"I am not interested in an economic liberation of man without the liberation of the whole man" (Ernesto Cardenal)


Typical means of transport in the countryside in Nicaragua in 1994


Street vendors catering for travellers in the back of a truck


Girl selling soft drinks and ice


Little boys selling drinks and sweets at a bus station

"Se dice que una de las curas del amor, de las pocas curas, son los viajes"
(It is said that one of the cures for love, one of the few cures, is travel.)
Ernesto Cardenal)


In the streets of Leon


"pensaba que tal vez era cierto que estaba loco y creía que no lo estaba porque los que están locos creen que no están locos,"
(I thought maybe it was true that I was crazy and I believed that I wasn't because those who are crazy believe that they are not crazy)
(Ernesto Cardenal)


Horse carts instead of taxis where the typical means of transport in the bigger cities


Waiting for the next transport job


Local bus


"Un nicaragüense no se siente verdaderamente nicaragüense si no ha viajado. Aunque sea a Costa Rica. El nicaragüense adquiere su verdadera nacionalidad hasta que ha viajado"
(A Nicaraguan doesn't truly feel Nicaraguan unless he or she has traveled, even to Costa Rica. Nicaraguans acquire their true nationality only after traveling.)
(Ernesto Cardenal)



People come together in front of the houses to enjoy the evening breeze 

"We turn outward, attracted by the beauty we see in created things without realizing that they are only a reflection of the real beauty."
(We turn outward, attracted by the beauty we see in created things without realizing that they are only a reflection of the real beauty.)
(Ernesto Cardenal)



Market in Leon



One of the few cafes in Leon. When we had milkshakes on the terrace boys asked for the empty glasses to lick out the remainders of our drink



The civil war left a lot of ruins in Leon. Many were still not rebuilt in 1994


Outside Leon was a military fortress, which was used by the thugs of Somoza as torture center for political prisoners. When we asked directions nobody wanted to hear about it 


The ramparts of the fortress. The backdrop are formed by the volcanoes around Leon


The torture cellar in the former prison


The center of Granada was always well maintained since it is the town where the dictator Somoza came from


Also Granada is overlooked by a volcano


The remainders of the train station of Granada is close to the big lake Cocibolca in the center of Nicaragua. It has not seen a train for a long time


The railroad led to a pier. In the port of Granada boats from the islands in the lake are unloaded, here with bananas 


While we were in Granada we spent our evenings drinking rum and coke on the pier and watching the unloading of the boats


"Volveré con un poco de lodo en los zapatos / y una palabra alegre que decirte"
(I'll come back with a little mud on my shoes / and a happy word to say to you)
(Ernesto Cardenal)